Definitely Java Edition, It has a very simpler UI, countless servers and gamemodes you can play. While bedrock/pocket edition is very compact, you don't get all the features that you get from Java Edition.
If you're trying to decide which one to buy, get the Java Edition, as it comes with a free copy of Bedrock anyway.
But to answer your question, content wise, Bedrock is mostly the same as Java. There are still differences, for instance Bedrock doesn't have the updated combat system, redstone works very differently, and there are a number of small features in Bedrock has that Java doesn't have (moving tile entities with pistons, for example). Bedrock has crossplay with Windows 10, console, and mobile as well while Java is only with other Java players.
Bedrock however does not have a proper modding scene, and the selection of public servers is severely limited.